4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
6 * GK 2/5/95 - Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
7 * Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
8 * Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
9 * Simplified starting of init: Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
12 #define DEBUG /* Enable initcall_debug */
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/extable.h>
16 #include <linux/module.h>
17 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
18 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
19 #include <linux/kernel.h>
20 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
21 #include <linux/stackprotector.h>
22 #include <linux/string.h>
23 #include <linux/ctype.h>
24 #include <linux/delay.h>
25 #include <linux/ioport.h>
26 #include <linux/init.h>
27 #include <linux/initrd.h>
28 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/console.h>
31 #include <linux/nmi.h>
32 #include <linux/percpu.h>
33 #include <linux/kmod.h>
34 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
35 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
36 #include <linux/start_kernel.h>
37 #include <linux/security.h>
38 #include <linux/smp.h>
39 #include <linux/profile.h>
40 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
41 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
42 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
43 #include <linux/writeback.h>
44 #include <linux/cpu.h>
45 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
46 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
47 #include <linux/efi.h>
48 #include <linux/tick.h>
49 #include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
50 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
51 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
52 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
53 #include <linux/unistd.h>
54 #include <linux/rmap.h>
55 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
56 #include <linux/key.h>
57 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
58 #include <linux/page_ext.h>
59 #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
60 #include <linux/debugobjects.h>
61 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
62 #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
63 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
64 #include <linux/device.h>
65 #include <linux/kthread.h>
66 #include <linux/sched.h>
67 #include <linux/sched/init.h>
68 #include <linux/signal.h>
69 #include <linux/idr.h>
70 #include <linux/kgdb.h>
71 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
72 #include <linux/async.h>
73 #include <linux/sfi.h>
74 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
75 #include <linux/slab.h>
76 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
77 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
78 #include <linux/pti.h>
79 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
80 #include <linux/elevator.h>
81 #include <linux/sched_clock.h>
82 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
83 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
84 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
85 #include <linux/random.h>
86 #include <linux/list.h>
87 #include <linux/integrity.h>
88 #include <linux/proc_ns.h>
90 #include <linux/cache.h>
91 #include <linux/rodata_test.h>
92 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
96 #include <asm/setup.h>
97 #include <asm/sections.h>
98 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
100 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
101 #include <trace/events/initcall.h>
103 static int kernel_init(void *);
105 extern void init_IRQ(void);
106 extern void fork_init(void);
107 extern void radix_tree_init(void);
110 * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
111 * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled. This means
112 * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
113 * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
116 bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;
118 enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
119 EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);
122 * Boot command-line arguments
124 #define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
125 #define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
127 extern void time_init(void);
128 /* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
129 void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);
131 /* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
132 char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
133 /* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
134 char *saved_command_line;
135 /* Command line for parameter parsing */
136 static char *static_command_line;
137 /* Command line for per-initcall parameter parsing */
138 static char *initcall_command_line;
140 static char *execute_command;
141 static char *ramdisk_execute_command;
144 * Used to generate warnings if static_key manipulation functions are used
145 * before jump_label_init is called.
147 bool static_key_initialized __read_mostly;
148 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_initialized);
151 * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
152 * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
153 * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
155 * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
156 * For ex. kdump situation where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
157 * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
159 unsigned int reset_devices;
160 EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);
162 static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
168 __setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);
170 static const char *argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, };
171 const char *envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
172 static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;
174 extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
176 static bool __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
178 const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
179 bool had_early_param = false;
183 int n = strlen(p->str);
184 if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) {
186 /* Already done in parse_early_param?
187 * (Needs exact match on param part).
188 * Keep iterating, as we can have early
189 * params and __setups of same names 8( */
190 if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
191 had_early_param = true;
192 } else if (!p->setup_func) {
193 pr_warn("Parameter %s is obsolete, ignored\n",
196 } else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
200 } while (p < __setup_end);
202 return had_early_param;
206 * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
207 * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
209 unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
210 EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
212 static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
214 console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEBUG;
218 static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
220 console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET;
224 early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
225 early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
227 static int __init loglevel(char *str)
232 * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed,
233 * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that
234 * are quite hard to debug
236 if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) {
237 console_loglevel = newlevel;
244 early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
246 /* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
247 static int __init repair_env_string(char *param, char *val,
248 const char *unused, void *arg)
251 /* param=val or param="val"? */
252 if (val == param+strlen(param)+1)
254 else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) {
256 memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1);
264 /* Anything after -- gets handed straight to init. */
265 static int __init set_init_arg(char *param, char *val,
266 const char *unused, void *arg)
273 repair_env_string(param, val, unused, NULL);
275 for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
276 if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
277 panic_later = "init";
282 argv_init[i] = param;
287 * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like
288 * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline).
290 static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val,
291 const char *unused, void *arg)
293 repair_env_string(param, val, unused, NULL);
295 /* Handle obsolete-style parameters */
296 if (obsolete_checksetup(param))
299 /* Unused module parameter. */
300 if (strchr(param, '.') && (!val || strchr(param, '.') < val))
307 /* Environment option */
309 for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) {
310 if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) {
314 if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], val - param))
317 envp_init[i] = param;
319 /* Command line option */
321 for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
322 if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
323 panic_later = "init";
327 argv_init[i] = param;
332 static int __init init_setup(char *str)
336 execute_command = str;
338 * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line,
339 * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes
340 * the shell think it should execute a script with such name.
341 * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ]
343 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
347 __setup("init=", init_setup);
349 static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str)
353 ramdisk_execute_command = str;
354 /* See "auto" comment in init_setup */
355 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
359 __setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup);
362 static const unsigned int setup_max_cpus = NR_CPUS;
363 static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }
364 static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }
368 * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference.
369 * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter
370 * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to
371 * store reference of name/value for future reference.
373 static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line)
376 memblock_virt_alloc(strlen(boot_command_line) + 1, 0);
377 initcall_command_line =
378 memblock_virt_alloc(strlen(boot_command_line) + 1, 0);
379 static_command_line = memblock_virt_alloc(strlen(command_line) + 1, 0);
380 strcpy(saved_command_line, boot_command_line);
381 strcpy(static_command_line, command_line);
385 * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions
386 * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to
387 * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to
390 * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline.
393 static __initdata DECLARE_COMPLETION(kthreadd_done);
395 static noinline void __ref rest_init(void)
397 struct task_struct *tsk;
400 rcu_scheduler_starting();
402 * We need to spawn init first so that it obtains pid 1, however
403 * the init task will end up wanting to create kthreads, which, if
404 * we schedule it before we create kthreadd, will OOPS.
406 pid = kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS);
408 * Pin init on the boot CPU. Task migration is not properly working
409 * until sched_init_smp() has been run. It will set the allowed
410 * CPUs for init to the non isolated CPUs.
413 tsk = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
414 set_cpus_allowed_ptr(tsk, cpumask_of(smp_processor_id()));
417 numa_default_policy();
418 pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);
420 kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
424 * Enable might_sleep() and smp_processor_id() checks.
425 * They cannot be enabled earlier because with CONFIG_PRREMPT=y
426 * kernel_thread() would trigger might_sleep() splats. With
427 * CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY=y the init task might have scheduled
428 * already, but it's stuck on the kthreadd_done completion.
430 system_state = SYSTEM_SCHEDULING;
432 complete(&kthreadd_done);
435 * The boot idle thread must execute schedule()
436 * at least once to get things moving:
438 schedule_preempt_disabled();
439 /* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */
440 cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_ONLINE);
443 /* Check for early params. */
444 static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val,
445 const char *unused, void *arg)
447 const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
449 for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) {
450 if ((p->early && parameq(param, p->str)) ||
451 (strcmp(param, "console") == 0 &&
452 strcmp(p->str, "earlycon") == 0)
454 if (p->setup_func(val) != 0)
455 pr_warn("Malformed early option '%s'\n", param);
458 /* We accept everything at this stage. */
462 void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline)
464 parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
468 /* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
469 void __init parse_early_param(void)
471 static int done __initdata;
472 static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
477 /* All fall through to do_early_param. */
478 strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
479 parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline);
483 void __init __weak arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(void) { }
485 void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void)
489 # if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE
490 void __init __weak thread_stack_cache_init(void)
495 void __init __weak mem_encrypt_init(void) { }
498 core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644);
500 #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
501 static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void);
503 static inline void initcall_debug_enable(void)
509 * Set up kernel memory allocators
511 static void __init mm_init(void)
514 * page_ext requires contiguous pages,
515 * bigger than MAX_ORDER unless SPARSEMEM.
517 page_ext_init_flatmem();
523 /* Should be run before the first non-init thread is created */
525 /* Should be run after espfix64 is set up. */
529 asmlinkage __visible void __init start_kernel(void)
534 set_task_stack_end_magic(&init_task);
535 smp_setup_processor_id();
536 debug_objects_early_init();
541 early_boot_irqs_disabled = true;
544 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
549 pr_notice("%s", linux_banner);
550 setup_arch(&command_line);
552 * Set up the the initial canary and entropy after arch
553 * and after adding latent and command line entropy.
555 add_latent_entropy();
556 add_device_randomness(command_line, strlen(command_line));
557 boot_init_stack_canary();
558 mm_init_cpumask(&init_mm);
559 setup_command_line(command_line);
561 setup_per_cpu_areas();
562 boot_cpu_state_init();
563 smp_prepare_boot_cpu(); /* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */
565 build_all_zonelists(NULL);
568 pr_notice("Kernel command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
570 after_dashes = parse_args("Booting kernel",
571 static_command_line, __start___param,
572 __stop___param - __start___param,
573 -1, -1, NULL, &unknown_bootoption);
574 if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(after_dashes))
575 parse_args("Setting init args", after_dashes, NULL, 0, -1, -1,
581 * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede
585 vfs_caches_init_early();
592 /* trace_printk can be enabled here */
596 * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the
597 * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()
598 * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
602 * Disable preemption - early bootup scheduling is extremely
603 * fragile until we cpu_idle() for the first time.
606 if (WARN(!irqs_disabled(),
607 "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n"))
612 * Set up housekeeping before setting up workqueues to allow the unbound
613 * workqueue to take non-housekeeping into account.
618 * Allow workqueue creation and work item queueing/cancelling
619 * early. Work item execution depends on kthreads and starts after
622 workqueue_init_early();
626 /* Trace events are available after this */
630 initcall_debug_enable();
632 context_tracking_init();
633 /* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */
643 sched_clock_postinit();
647 call_function_init();
648 WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled early\n");
649 early_boot_irqs_disabled = false;
652 kmem_cache_init_late();
655 * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before
656 * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of
657 * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.
661 panic("Too many boot %s vars at `%s'", panic_later,
667 * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants
668 * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs
674 * This needs to be called before any devices perform DMA
675 * operations that might use the SWIOTLB bounce buffers. It will
676 * mark the bounce buffers as decrypted so that their usage will
677 * not cause "plain-text" data to be decrypted when accessed.
681 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
682 if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&
683 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {
684 pr_crit("initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - disabling it.\n",
685 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)),
692 debug_objects_mem_init();
693 setup_per_cpu_pageset();
702 if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))
703 efi_enter_virtual_mode();
705 thread_stack_cache_init();
720 taskstats_init_early();
725 acpi_subsystem_init();
726 arch_post_acpi_subsys_init();
729 if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES)) {
730 efi_free_boot_services();
733 /* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */
737 /* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
738 static void __init do_ctors(void)
740 #ifdef CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS
741 ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start;
743 for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++)
748 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
749 struct blacklist_entry {
750 struct list_head next;
754 static __initdata_or_module LIST_HEAD(blacklisted_initcalls);
756 static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
759 struct blacklist_entry *entry;
761 /* str argument is a comma-separated list of functions */
763 str_entry = strsep(&str, ",");
765 pr_debug("blacklisting initcall %s\n", str_entry);
766 entry = alloc_bootmem(sizeof(*entry));
767 entry->buf = alloc_bootmem(strlen(str_entry) + 1);
768 strcpy(entry->buf, str_entry);
769 list_add(&entry->next, &blacklisted_initcalls);
776 static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
778 struct blacklist_entry *entry;
779 char fn_name[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
782 if (list_empty(&blacklisted_initcalls))
785 addr = (unsigned long) dereference_function_descriptor(fn);
786 sprint_symbol_no_offset(fn_name, addr);
789 * fn will be "function_name [module_name]" where [module_name] is not
790 * displayed for built-in init functions. Strip off the [module_name].
792 strreplace(fn_name, ' ', '\0');
794 list_for_each_entry(entry, &blacklisted_initcalls, next) {
795 if (!strcmp(fn_name, entry->buf)) {
796 pr_debug("initcall %s blacklisted\n", fn_name);
804 static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str)
806 pr_warn("initcall_blacklist requires CONFIG_KALLSYMS\n");
810 static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn)
815 __setup("initcall_blacklist=", initcall_blacklist);
817 static __init_or_module void
818 trace_initcall_start_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn)
820 ktime_t *calltime = (ktime_t *)data;
822 printk(KERN_DEBUG "calling %pF @ %i\n", fn, task_pid_nr(current));
823 *calltime = ktime_get();
826 static __init_or_module void
827 trace_initcall_finish_cb(void *data, initcall_t fn, int ret)
829 ktime_t *calltime = (ktime_t *)data;
830 ktime_t delta, rettime;
831 unsigned long long duration;
833 rettime = ktime_get();
834 delta = ktime_sub(rettime, *calltime);
835 duration = (unsigned long long) ktime_to_ns(delta) >> 10;
836 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initcall %pF returned %d after %lld usecs\n",
840 static ktime_t initcall_calltime;
842 #ifdef TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED
843 static void __init initcall_debug_enable(void)
847 ret = register_trace_initcall_start(trace_initcall_start_cb,
849 ret |= register_trace_initcall_finish(trace_initcall_finish_cb,
851 WARN(ret, "Failed to register initcall tracepoints\n");
853 # define do_trace_initcall_start trace_initcall_start
854 # define do_trace_initcall_finish trace_initcall_finish
856 static inline void do_trace_initcall_start(initcall_t fn)
860 trace_initcall_start_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn);
862 static inline void do_trace_initcall_finish(initcall_t fn, int ret)
866 trace_initcall_finish_cb(&initcall_calltime, fn, ret);
868 #endif /* !TRACEPOINTS_ENABLED */
870 int __init_or_module do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)
872 int count = preempt_count();
876 if (initcall_blacklisted(fn))
879 do_trace_initcall_start(fn);
881 do_trace_initcall_finish(fn, ret);
885 if (preempt_count() != count) {
886 sprintf(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance ");
887 preempt_count_set(count);
889 if (irqs_disabled()) {
890 strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf));
893 WARN(msgbuf[0], "initcall %pF returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf);
895 add_latent_entropy();
900 extern initcall_t __initcall_start[];
901 extern initcall_t __initcall0_start[];
902 extern initcall_t __initcall1_start[];
903 extern initcall_t __initcall2_start[];
904 extern initcall_t __initcall3_start[];
905 extern initcall_t __initcall4_start[];
906 extern initcall_t __initcall5_start[];
907 extern initcall_t __initcall6_start[];
908 extern initcall_t __initcall7_start[];
909 extern initcall_t __initcall_end[];
911 static initcall_t *initcall_levels[] __initdata = {
923 /* Keep these in sync with initcalls in include/linux/init.h */
924 static char *initcall_level_names[] __initdata = {
935 static void __init do_initcall_level(int level)
939 strcpy(initcall_command_line, saved_command_line);
940 parse_args(initcall_level_names[level],
941 initcall_command_line, __start___param,
942 __stop___param - __start___param,
944 NULL, &repair_env_string);
946 trace_initcall_level(initcall_level_names[level]);
947 for (fn = initcall_levels[level]; fn < initcall_levels[level+1]; fn++)
948 do_one_initcall(*fn);
951 static void __init do_initcalls(void)
955 for (level = 0; level < ARRAY_SIZE(initcall_levels) - 1; level++)
956 do_initcall_level(level);
960 * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices
961 * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and
962 * running, and memory and process management works.
964 * Now we can finally start doing some real work..
966 static void __init do_basic_setup(void)
973 usermodehelper_enable();
977 static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)
981 trace_initcall_level("early");
982 for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __initcall0_start; fn++)
983 do_one_initcall(*fn);
987 * This function requests modules which should be loaded by default and is
988 * called twice right after initrd is mounted and right before init is
989 * exec'd. If such modules are on either initrd or rootfs, they will be
990 * loaded before control is passed to userland.
992 void __init load_default_modules(void)
994 load_default_elevator_module();
997 static int run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
999 argv_init[0] = init_filename;
1000 return do_execve(getname_kernel(init_filename),
1001 (const char __user *const __user *)argv_init,
1002 (const char __user *const __user *)envp_init);
1005 static int try_to_run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
1009 ret = run_init_process(init_filename);
1011 if (ret && ret != -ENOENT) {
1012 pr_err("Starting init: %s exists but couldn't execute it (error %d)\n",
1013 init_filename, ret);
1019 static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void);
1021 #if defined(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX) || defined(CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX)
1022 bool rodata_enabled __ro_after_init = true;
1023 static int __init set_debug_rodata(char *str)
1025 return strtobool(str, &rodata_enabled);
1027 __setup("rodata=", set_debug_rodata);
1030 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1031 static void mark_readonly(void)
1033 if (rodata_enabled) {
1037 pr_info("Kernel memory protection disabled.\n");
1040 static inline void mark_readonly(void)
1042 pr_warn("This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.\n");
1046 static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
1050 kernel_init_freeable();
1051 /* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */
1052 async_synchronize_full();
1053 ftrace_free_init_mem();
1054 jump_label_invalidate_init();
1057 system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING;
1058 numa_default_policy();
1060 rcu_end_inkernel_boot();
1062 if (ramdisk_execute_command) {
1063 ret = run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command);
1066 pr_err("Failed to execute %s (error %d)\n",
1067 ramdisk_execute_command, ret);
1071 * We try each of these until one succeeds.
1073 * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are
1074 * trying to recover a really broken machine.
1076 if (execute_command) {
1077 ret = run_init_process(execute_command);
1080 panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).",
1081 execute_command, ret);
1083 if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
1084 !try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
1085 !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
1086 !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/sh"))
1089 panic("No working init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. "
1090 "See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance.");
1093 static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void)
1096 * Wait until kthreadd is all set-up.
1098 wait_for_completion(&kthreadd_done);
1100 /* Now the scheduler is fully set up and can do blocking allocations */
1101 gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK;
1104 * init can allocate pages on any node
1106 set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_MEMORY]);
1108 cad_pid = task_pid(current);
1110 smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus);
1114 init_mm_internals();
1116 do_pre_smp_initcalls();
1117 lockup_detector_init();
1122 page_alloc_init_late();
1126 /* Open the /dev/console on the rootfs, this should never fail */
1127 if (sys_open((const char __user *) "/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0) < 0)
1128 pr_err("Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");
1133 * check if there is an early userspace init. If yes, let it do all
1137 if (!ramdisk_execute_command)
1138 ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";
1140 if (sys_access((const char __user *) ramdisk_execute_command, 0) != 0) {
1141 ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;
1142 prepare_namespace();
1146 * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and
1147 * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the
1148 * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff..
1150 * rootfs is available now, try loading the public keys
1151 * and default modules
1154 integrity_load_keys();
1155 load_default_modules();